Wind Speed Estimate
0 mph smoke rises vertically; water mirror-calm; tree leaves do not move
1 - 3 mph smoke drift indicates wind direction; weather vane does not move
4 - 7 mph wind felt on face; weather vane begins to move; leaves rustle; small wavelets
8 - 12 mph wind extends light flags; leaves and twings in constant motion; large wavelets
13 - 18 mph dust and loose paper raised; small branches move; small waves; many whitecaps
19 - 24 mph small trees sway; moderate waves
25 - 31 mph large branches in motion; whistling heard in telephone wires; larger waves forming
32 - 38 mph whole trees in motion; walking affected
39 - 46 mph twigs break off trees; walking difficult; moderately high waves
47 - 54 mph slight structural damage occurs; high waves; branches break
55 - 63 mph trees uprooted; considerable structural damage; very high waves with overhanging
crest
64 - 74 mph widespread damage; extremely high waves; damage to chimneys; shallow rooted trees
blown over; limbs around 6" in diameter break off
75 - 112 mph severe and extensive damage; peels surfaces off roofs; windows broken; light mobile
homes pushed or overturned; moving cars pushed off road
113 - 157 mph roofs torn off houses; cars lifted off ground
